Unit 16
immoderate a.无节制的;过份的
[E<L immoderatus(IN-, MODERATE(<L."配合模式(mode)抑制")节制的,稳健的,适中的,公道的,温 的]
immolate v.牺牲;为祭神用火烧死 [L immolare sprinkle with sacrificial meal(IN-, mola MEAL(谷物未经筛过的)粗粉,碾 (磨) 碎的粉] [immolation 为祭神而牺牲 自杀;祭物]
immortal a.不死的;不朽的;永恒的 [ME<L immortalis(IN-, MORTAL凡人;不免一死的)]
immune a.免除的;免疫的 [ME<L immunis exempt from public service or charge(IN-, munis ready for service):<F immun]
immure v.囚禁;幽禁 [F emmurer or medL immurare(IN-, murus wall)]
immutable a.不变的;不易的 [ME<L immutabilis(IN-, MUTABLE易变的;性情不定的)]
imp n.小鬼 [OE impa, impe young shoot, scion, impian graft: ult<Gk emphutos implanted, pp. of emphuo]
impair v.损害;减少(价值等) [ME empeire<OF empeirier(IN-, LL pejorare<L pejor worse)]
impale v.以尖物刺 [F empaler or medL impalare(IN-, palus stake木桩;赌注)]
impalpable a.无法感触到的;难理解的 [F impalpable or LL impalpabilis(IN-, PALPABLE可触之的;明显的)]
impart v.分给;授给;传授;教导 [ME<OF impartir<L impartire(IN-, pars part)]
impartial a.公平的
impasse n.僵局;死路 [F(IN-, passer PASS)]
impassive a.无感情的
impeach v.弹劾;检举 [<LL impedicare entangle(IN-, pedica fetter<pes pedis foot)unimpeachable无可指责的;无懈可击的]
impeccable a.无瑕的 [L impeccabilis(IN-, peccare sin)(反)flawed]
impecunious a.贫穷的;没钱的 [<L pecuniosus<pecunia money<pecu cattle]
impending a.即将发生的
impenetrable a.刺不进的;费解的 [ME<F impenetrable<L impenetrabilis(IN-, PENETRATE(<L."进入")渗透,渗入;刺入,穿过,贯穿]
impenitent a.无悔意的 [ecclL impaenitens(IN-, PENITENT忏悔的;忏悔的人)]
imperative a.急需的;命令的;必要的 [LL imperativus<imperare command(IN-, parare make ready)]
imperceptible a.不能感知的;微细的 [imperceptible or medL imperceptibilis(IN-, PERCEPTIBLE有知觉的)]
imperious a.傲慢的;迫切的;专横的 [L imperiosus<imperium command, authority]
impermeable a.不能渗透的 [F impermeable or LL impermeabilis(IN-, PERMEABLE(液体)能渗透的,可透过的 ~ by (to) water 能]渗[ 透水的,可透过水的
impersonate v.扮演;模仿 [N-+L persona PERSON]
impertinent a.无礼的;粗暴的 [ME<OF or LL impertinens(IN-, PERTINENT相关的;中肯的;切题的)]
imperturbable a.镇静的 [ME<LL imperturbabilis(IN-, PERTURB扰乱;心慌)]
impervious a.不能渗透的 [L impervius(IN-, PERVIOUS使通过的;可通的)]
impetuous a.猛烈的;冲动的 [ME<OF impetueux<LL impetuosus(IMPETUS动力;推动力)]
impetus n.刺激;源动力 [L, = assault, force,<impetere assail(IN-, petere seek)]
impiety a.不敬;不孝 [ME<OF impiete or L impietas(IN-, PIETY孝行)]
impious n.不敬的;不孝的 [L impius(IN-, PIOUS虔诚的)]
implacable a.难和解的;难平息的 [ME<F implacable or L implacabilis(IN-, PLACABLE易抚慰的;宽大的;温和的)]
implant v.灌输;嵌入;移殖 [F implanter or LL implantare engraft(IN-, PLANT)]
implement v.履行;实现 [ME<medL implementa(pl)<implere employ(IN-, L plere plet- fill)]
implication n.含意;暗示 [ME<L implicatio(IMPLICATE使产生关系;纠缠;牵连)IN-, plicare, plicat- or plicit- fold包;交叉)]
implicit a.暗含的
[F implicite or L implicitus(IMPLICATE(<L."卷入其中")使...牵连(犯罪等);把...卷入 implicitly ad.含 蓄地;不言自明地
imply v.暗示;包含 [ME<OF emplier<L implicare(IMPLICATE)]
impolitic a.失策的;不明智的
imponderable a.极轻的;无法衡量的
import n.含义;重要性 [ME<L importare bring in, in medL = imply, be of consequence(IN-, portare carry)]
importune v.强求;不断请求 [F importuner or medL importunari(IMPORTUNATE缠扰不休的;频频要索的IN-, portunus<portus] [harbour]
impose v.课;强迫;(印刷)整版 [ME<F imposer<L imponere imposit- inflict, deceive(IN-, ponere put)]
imposing a.显眼的;壮丽的;堂皇的
impotent a.无能力的 [ME<OF<L impotens(IN-, POTENT)]
impoverish v.使穷困;使枯竭 [ME<OF empoverir(EN-, povre POOR)]
imprecate v.祈求;诅咒 [L imprecari(IN-, precari pray)imprecation(对人降祸的)祈求 诅咒,咒语(curse)]
impregnable a.巩固的;征服不了的 [ME<OF imprenable(IN-, prendre take)]
impregnate v.使受孕;使充实;使浸透 [L impregnare impregnat-(IN-, pregnare be pregnant)]
imprimatur n.出版许可;赞许 [L, = let it be printed]
impromptu a.未准备的;即席的 [F<L in promptu in readiness: PROMPT]
impropriety n.不适当;不正当 [F impropriete or L improprietas(IN-, proprius proper)]
improvident a.浪费的;不事积蓄的
improvise v.即席而作 [F improviser or It improvvisare<improvviso extempore,<L improvisus pp.(IN-, PROVIDE)improvisation] [即席而作,即席创作,即兴]
impugn v.指责;非难 [ME<L impugnare assail(IN-, pugnare fight)]
impunity n.不受惩罚 [L impunitas<impunis(IN-, poena penalty)]
impute v.归咎于
[ME<OF imputer<L imputare enter in the account(IN-, putare reckon)He ~d his failure to ill health 他把 [败归咎于健康不佳]
inadvertent a.怠慢的;不慎的;偶然的 [N-+obs advertent attentive(ADVERT注意;留意;谈及)]
inalienable a.不可剥夺的;不可转让的
inane a.愚蠢的;无意义的 [L inanis empty, vain an ~ remark 愚蠢的话]
inanimate a.无生命的;单调的 [LL inanimatus(IN-, ANIMATE)]
inaugurate v.开始;使就任 [L inaugurare(IN-, augurare take omens: AUGUR占卜;预言) inaugural a.就任的;开始的;n.就职演说]
incantation n.咒语;魔法 [ME<OF<LL incantatio -onis<incantare chant, bewitch(IN-, cantare sing)incantatory 咒语的;魔咒的]
incapacitate v.使不能;使不适于 [incapacite or LL incapacitas(IN-, CAPACITY)]
incarcerate v.监禁;下狱 [medL incarcerare(IN-, L carcer prison)]
incarnadine a.深红色的;血色的 [F incarnadin -ine<It incarnadino(for -tino)<incarnato]
incarnation n.具体化;化身 [ME<OF<ecclL incarnatio -onis(INCARNATE具有肉体的;化身的)]
incendiary n.纵火者;煽动者 [<incendium conflagration<incendere incens- set fire to]
incense n.v.香气;奉承;使发怒
incentive n.刺激;诱因;动机 [ME<L incentivus setting the tune<incinere incent- sing to(IN-, canere sing)]
incessant a.不绝的;不断的 [F incessant or LL incessans(IN-, cessans pres part of L cessare CEASE)]
inchoate a.开端的;不完全的 [L inchoatus pp. of inchoare(IN-, choare begin)inchoation 起始;初期;起步]
incidence n.落下;发生 [ME<OF incidence or medL incidentia(INCIDENT事件;事变;附带的)]
incipient a.刚开始的;初期的 [L incipere incipient-(INCEPT)incipience(文语)最初,开端(医)(疾病等的)初期]
incisive a.锋利的;敏锐的 [medL incisivus(INCISE切割;雕琢)incisor门牙]
incite v.引起;激动;煽动 [ME<F inciter<L incitare(IN-, citare rouse)]
inclement a.狂风暴雨的;残酷的 [F inclement or L inclemens(IN-, CLEMENT)]
inclination n.倾斜;坡度;倾角;性向 [E<OF inclination or L inclinatio(INCLINE)incline 倾心;有意于]
inclusive a.总括的 [medL inclusivus(INCLUDE)]
incognito a.隐姓埋名地;用假名地 [It, = unknown,<L incognitus(IN-, cognitus pp. of cognoscere know)]
incommunicado a.被禁止与外界接触的 [Sp incomunicado pp. of incomunicar deprive of communication]
incompatible a.不能共存的;矛盾的 [medL incompatibilis(IN-, COMPATIBLE)]
incompetent a.无能力的;不适当的 [incompetent or LL incompetens(IN-, COMPETENT能干的,有能力的(<L."共同追求,有资格")]
incongruous a.不合适的;不协调的 [L incongruus(IN-, CONGRUOUS(<L."相遇")一致的,适合的""]
inconsequential a.不重要的
inconstant a.易变的;轻浮的 [E<OF<L inconstans -antis(IN-, CONSTANT)]
incontinent a.不能自制的;淫乱的 [ME<OF or L incontinens(IN-, CONTINENT)]
incorporate v.合并;纳入;使成为法人 [E<LL incorporare(IN-, L corpus -oris body)]
incorporeal a.无形体的;精神的 [L incorporeus(INCORPORATE)]
incorrigible a.积习难改的;不能矫正的 [ME<OF incorrigible or L incorrigibilis(IN-, CORRIGIBLE可改正的)]
incredulous a.不轻信的;不相信的 [L incredulus(IN-, CREDULOUS)]
increment n.增加;生长 [ME<L incrementum<increscere INCREASE]
incriminate v.牵累;控告 [LL incriminare(IN-, L crimen offence)]
incubate v.孵卵;筹划 [L incubare(IN-, cubare cubit- or cubat- lie)]
incubus n.负担;恶梦 [ME<LL, = L incubo nightmare(INCUBATE)(据说会侵犯睡眠中女人的)梦魔]
inculcate v.教导;谆谆教诲
[L inculcare(IN-, calcare tread<calx calcis heel脚后根;尾随)~ ideas on (upon) a person (in a person’s mind) 把思想灌输给某人 (于某人脑中)
incumbent n.在职者;教区牧师 [L incumbere lie upon(IN-, cubare lie)It is ~ on (upon) you to answer his question 你 有责任回答他的]问[题] the ~ mayor 现任市长
incurable a.不能医治的;不能矫正的 [ME<OF incurable or LL incurabilis(IN-, CURABLE)]
incursion n.入侵;侵犯 [ME<L incursio(INCUR招致;遭遇)]
indefatigable a.不屈不挠的;不疲倦的 [obs F indefatigable or L indefatigabilis(IN-, defatigare wear out)]
indefinite a.模糊的 [indefinitus(IN-, DEFINITE)]
indelible a.不能消除的 [F indelebile or L indelebilis(IN-, delebilis<delere efface)]
indemnify v.保障;赔偿
[(IN-, damnum loss, damage)~ a person from (against) harm 保护某人免受伤害 ~ a person for an action 保证某人不必对某行为负 责
indentation n.做成刻纹 [indent做成锯齿状;用骑缝线割开;缩排]
indict v.控诉 [ME<AF enditer indict<OF enditier declare<Rmc indictare(unrecorded: as IN-, DICTATE)indite 创作;撰写] [~ a poem 写一首诗]
indifferent a.冷淡的;公平的;不重要的 [E<OF indifferent or L indifferens(IN-, DIFFERENT)]
indigenous a.土产的;固有的 [L indigena<indi- = IN-+gen- be born]
indigent a.贫穷的 [ME<OF<LL indigere<indi- = IN-+egere need]
indignity n.轻蔑;侮辱 [F indignite or L indignitas(INDIGNANT)]
indiscretion n.无分别;轻率;粗心 [E<OF indiscretion or LL indiscretio(IN-, DISCRETION慎重;考虑;辨别力)indiscreet无分别的,轻率的]
indiscriminate a.无差别的;不分皂白的 [N-+discriminate(adj)<L discriminatus pp.(DISCRIMINATE区别;差别待遇;歧视)]
indispensable a.不可缺少的;一定必要的 [edL indispensabilis(IN-, DISPENSABLE不是必要的)]
indisposed a.不舒适的;厌倦的 [DISPOSE处理;排列;使陷于]
indisputable a.明白的;不容置疑的 [LL indisputabilis(IN-, DISPUTABLE有讨论余地的;真假可疑的)]
indite v.著作;撰写 [ME<OF enditier: INDICT控诉;起诉]
indoctrinate v.教训;教导 [N-+DOCTRINE教义;学说+-ATE]
indolence n.怠情 [indolentindolent LL indolens(IN-, dolere suffer pain)indolent 怠惰的,懒惰的(lazy)]
indomitable a.不屈不挠的 [LL indomitabilis(IN-, L domitare tame)an ~ spirit 不屈不挠的精神]
induce v.说服;招致;诱使 [ME<L inducere induct-(IN-, ducere lead)inducement n 诱因;动机;刺激]
inductive a.归纳的;诱导的 [LL inductivus(INDUCE)induct引导,向导;引入;使就座]
indulgent a.放纵的;宽容的 [F indulgent or L indulgere indulgent-(INDULGE放任;迁就)]
inebriety n.酩酊;嗜酒癖 [inebriate鼓舞;灌醉 ME<L inebriatus pp. of inebriare(IN-, ebrius drunk)]
ineffable a.言语难以形容的 [ME<OF ineffable or L ineffabilis(IN-, effari speak out, utter)]
ineluctable a.无法逃避的 [L ineluctabilis(IN-, eluctari struggle out)ELUDE逃避]
inept a.不相宜的;无能的 [L ineptus(IN-, APT)ineptitude n]
ineptitude n.不适当;愚笨
inert a.迟钝 [L iners inert-(IN-, ars ART)inertia不活动 inertial惯性;惯量]
inexorable a.残酷的;不为所动的 [F inexorable or L inexorabilis(IN-, exorare entreat恳求;祈求)exorable(罕)易说服的;心肠软的]
infallible a.必然的;不会错的
[ME<F infaillible or LL infallibilis(IN-, FALLIBLE易错的;可能犯错的)infallibility无错误;无过失性; 绝对事实
infamous a.恶名昭彰的;不名誉的 [ME<medL infamosus<L infamis(IN-, FAME)]
infamy n.恶评;丑名
infer v.推论 [L inferre(IN-, ferre bring)]
infernal a.地狱的;恶魔似的 [ME<OF<LL infernalis<L infernus situated below inferno地狱;地狱般的场所;地狱编]
infidelity n.无信仰;背信;通奸 [E<F infidelite or L infidelitas(INFIDEL无宗教信仰的人)]
infinitesimal a.极微的 [modL infinitesimus<INFINITE: cf CENTESIMAL百分之一的]
infirmity n.弱点
inflame v.激怒;煽动 [ME<OF enflammer<L inflammare(IN-, flamma flame)]
inflate v.使得意;使涨大 [L inflare inflat-(IN-, flare blow)inflation胀大;膨胀;通货膨胀]
infliction n.施加;使负担;刑罚;苦痛 [L inflictio(INFLICT 予(人)以<痛苦、打击>,使(人)受<伤、害>(<L."打入")]
influx n.流入;灌输 [F influx or LL influxus(IN-, FLUX (a ~)流,流动(<L."流动")]
infraction n.违反 [L infractio(INFRINGE侵犯,违背,侵害<法律、誓言、专利等>~ on (upon) the rights of another 侵害]另 [个人的权利]
ingenious a.智巧的;有发明天才的 [ME, = talented,<F ingenieux or L ingeniosus<ingenium cleverness: cf ENGINE ingenuity发明才能; 明];[聪明;巧妙]
ingenuous a.老实的;天真的;坦率的 [L ingenuus free-born, frank(IN-, root of gignere beget)]
ingrate n.忘恩负义的人 [ME<L ingratus(IN-, gratus grateful)ingratitude忘恩,不知恩]
ingratiate v.逢迎;讨好 [L in gratiam into favour ingratiating<人、行为>讨好的,逢迎的 an ~ smile 逢迎的微笑]
inherent a.与生俱来的;固有的
[L inhaerere inhaerent-(INHERE <性质等>(本来)存在于(),在()中(in) Selfishness ~s in humannature 自私 原本存在于人 性中(自私是人的天性)
inhibit v.抑制;禁止 [L inhibere(IN-, habere hold)]
inhibited a.被压抑的;拘束的
inhuman a.无人情味的;残忍的 [L inhumanus(IN-, HUMAN)]
inimical a.不友善的;有敌意的 [LL inimicalis<L inimicus(IN-, amicus friend)]
iniquitous a.不正当的;邪恶的 [ME<OF iniquite<L iniquitas -tatis<iniquus(IN-, aequus just)]
initiative n.率先;进取心 [INITIATE 开始,发起,创始;开口说(<L."开始")]
injunction n.禁止令;强制令 [LL injunctio<L injungere ENJOIN 吩咐;命令]
innate a.天赋的;生来的 [ME<L innatus(IN-, natus pp. of nasci be born)]
Unit 17
innocuous a.无害的;无毒的 [L innocuus(IN-, nocuus formed as INNOCENT无罪的;无知的)]
innovation n.改革;革新
innuendo n.暗指;讽刺 [L, = by nodding at, by pointing to: ablat gerund of innuere nod at(IN-, nuere nod)]
inordinate a.无节制的;过度的 [ME<L inordinatus(IN-, ordinatus pp. of ordinare ORDAIN(<L."使有秩序(order)")注定会;规定,制定]
inquisitive a.想问的;好追根究底的 [E<OF inquisitif -ive<LL inquisitivus(INQUISITION(往往忽视人权的)严格审讯,调查;审理]
inroad n.侵略;侵害;蚕食 [IN+ROAD in sense ’riding’]
insane a.疯狂的;精神错乱的 [L insanus(IN-, sanus healthy)]
insatiable a.不知足的;贪求无厌的 [ME<OF insaciable or L insatiabilis(IN-, SATIATE饱足的;吃饱的)]
inscrutable a.不了解的;不可思议的 [ME<ecclL inscrutabilis(IN-, scrutari search: SCRUTINY详细阅读)]
insensate a.无感觉的;无情的 [ecclL insensatus(IN-, sensatus<sensus SENSE)]
insert v.插进;嵌入;插入 [L inserere(IN-, serere sert- join)]
insidious a.狡猾的;暗中活动的 [L insidiosus cunning<insidiae ambush(IN-, sedere sit)]
insinuate v.暗示 [L insinuare insinuat-(IN-, sinuare to curve)]
insipid a.乏味的 [F insipide or LL insipidus(IN-, sapidus SAPID有味道的;有趣味的)]
insolent a.粗野的;无礼的 [ME, = ’arrogant’,<L insolens(IN-, solens pres part of solere be accustomed)an ~ little boy 傲慢的小男孩 He] [is ~ to customers 他对顾客无礼]
insolvency n.破产 [SOLVENT 有偿还能力的;有溶解力的 insolvent1(法律)无力偿付债务的(谑)把钱用光的人;破产的人]
insomnia n.失眠 [L<insomnis sleepless(IN-, somnus sleep)]
insouciant a.不在意的;无忧虑的 [F(IN-, souciant pres part of soucier care)INSOUCIANCE漠不关心]
inspiration n.灵感;启示 [E<OF<LL inspiratio -onis(INSPIRE)]
installation n.任命;就任;装置 [edL installatio(INSTALL)]
instigate v.鼓励;煽动 [L instigare instigat- instigation鼓动煽动;教唆]
insufficient a.不足;不适当;无能力的 [E<OF<LL insufficiens(IN-, SUFFICIENT)]
insular a.岛的;狭隘的 [LL insularis(INSULATE)~ prejudices 心胸狭隘的偏见 insularity 岛(国),岛国性 岛国根性,胸襟褊狭]
insulate v.隔离;使孤立;成岛 [L insula island+-ATE]
insuperable a.无法克服的 [ME<OF insuperable or L insuperabilis(IN-, SUPERABLE能胜过的,可征服的]
insurgent a.起事的;暴动的 [F<L insurgere insurrect-(IN-, surgere rise)]
integrate v.合而为一;使完全 [L integrare integrat- make whole(INTEGER整体;整数)integrated 整合的;完整的]
integrity n.完整;正直 [ME<F integrite or L integritas(INTEGER)]
integument n.皮肤;外皮 [L integumentum<integere(IN-, tegere cover)]
intellect n.理解力;智力 [ME<OF intellect or L intellectus understanding(INTELLIGENT)intelligible可理解的,易理解的]
intelligentsia n.知识阶层 [Russ<Pol inteligencja<L intelligentia(INTELLIGENT)]
inter v.埋葬 [ME<OF enterrer<Rmc(IN-, L terra earth)]
intercept v.中途夺取;截夺;截断 [L intercipere intercept-(INTER-, capere take)]
interdict v.限制;禁止 [ME<OF entredit<L interdictum pp. of interdicere interpose, forbid by decree(INTER-, dicere say)]
interim n.暂时;过渡时期 [L, as INTER-+adv suffix -im]
interlocutory a.对话的;中间的 [medL interlocutorius(INTERLOCUTOR对话者)]
intermediary a.仲裁者 [intermediaire<It intermediario<L intermedius(INTERMEDIATE(无比较级、 最高级)居间的,中间] [(halfway),中型(<L."在正中央")]
interment n.埋葬
interminable a.无终止的;冗长的 [ME<OF interminable or LL interminabilis(IN-, TERMINATE)]
intermittent a.间歇的 [L intermittere intermittent-(INTERMIT暂时中止)]
internecine a.两败俱伤的;互相残杀的 [orig = deadly,<L internecinus<internecio massacre<internecare slaughter(INTER-, necare kill)]
internist n.内科医师
interpolate v.加添字句于文稿 [L interpolare furbish up(INTER-, polire POLISH优雅;精良;擦亮)(<L."修饰于中间")]
interstice n.空隙;裂缝 [interstitium(INTER-, sistere stit- stand)interstices 缝;细口]
intervene v.插入;介于其间 [L intervenire(INTER-, venire come)intervention 干涉]
interweave v.使交织;织进;使混杂
intestate a.未留遗嘱的;未按遗嘱的 [ME<L intestatus(IN-, testari testat- make a will<testis witness)]
intimate v.暗示 [LL intimare announce<L intimus inmost]
intimidation n.恐吓;威胁 [edL intimidare(IN-, timidare<timidus TIMID)]
intolerant a.不容许相反言论的 [intolerans(IN-, TOLERANT)]
intoxicate v.使醉;使陶醉;使如梦似的 [edL intoxicare(IN-, toxicare poison<L toxicum): TOXIC intoxicant n使罪的东西(酒麻药等)]
intractable a.倔强的;难驾驭的 [L intractabilis(IN-, TRACTABLE易于管教的)]
intrepid a.无畏的;英勇的 [F intrepide or L intrepidus(IN-, trepidus alarmed)INTREPIDITY 无畏]
intricate a.错综复杂的;难懂的 [ME<L intricare intricat-(IN-, tricare<tricae tricks)]
intrigue n.阴谋;策划;私通 [The shapes of clouds ~ me 云的形状激起我的兴趣 ~ with A against B 与A密谋(耍阴谋)对付B] [())INTRICATE复杂的;缠结的;难懂的 intriguing 有趣的;有魅力的]
intrinsic a.本身的;内在的 [ME, = interior,<F intrins ue<LL intrinsecus<L intrinsecus(adv)inwardly]
introspect v.内省,内观
introvert n.内向者;自省者 [INTRO-+vert as in INVERT]
intrude v.闯入;打扰 [L intrudere intrus-(IN-, trudere thrust)intrusion闯入;侵入;干扰]
intuition n.直觉(力)
[LL intuitio(INTUIT 由直觉知道)intuitive直观 (直觉) 的 an ~ person 有直觉力的人 an ~ response 直觉的反应
inundate v.淹没;使充满 [L inundare flow(IN-, unda wave)inundation淹水,洪水,大水,充满]
invalidate v.使作废 [medL invalidare invalidat-(IN-, validus VALID)invalid病人;伤患士兵a病弱的]
invective n.痛骂;恶意抨击 [ME<OF<LL invectivus attacking(INVEIGH痛骂;谩骂)]
inveigh v.痛骂;谩骂 [L invehi go into, assail(IN-, vehi passive of vehere vect- carry)]
inveigle v.诱骗 [earlier envegle<AF envegler, OF aveugler to blind<aveugle blind prob<Rmc ab oculis(unrecorded)without] [eyes]
inverse a.倒转的;逆的 [L inversus pp. of invertere: INVERT翻转;逆转]
inveterate a.习惯已深的 [ME<L inveterare inveterat- make old(IN-, vetus veteris old)]
invidious a.使人不快的;招忌妒的 [L invidiosus<invidia ENVY an ~ statement 引起反感的陈述 an ~ distinction 惹人恶感(不当)的差别]
invincible a.不能征服的;无敌的 [E<OF<L invincibilis(IN-, VINCIBLE易于征服的)]
inviolability n.神圣;无法伤害和破坏 [inviolable or L inviolabilis(IN-, VIOLATE)]
invulnerable a.不能伤害的;无懈可击的 [L invulnerabilis(IN-, VULNERABLE易受伤害的;有弱点的)]
iota n.希腊第九个字母; 极少量 [not an ~(of ┅)一点也没有()]
irascible a.发怒的;性情暴躁的 [ME<F<LL irascibilis<L irasci grow angry<ira anger]
iridescent a.虹光的物质 [L IRIS+-ESCENT]
irksome a.令人厌烦的 [ME, = tired etc,<IRK使厌倦;使苦恼 +-SOME]
ironic a.挖苦的;出乎意料的 [F ironique or LL ironicus<Gk eironikos dissembling(IRONY讽刺)=ironical]
irony n.嘲弄;出乎意料的情况 [L ironia<Gk eironeia simulated ignorance(<G."假装无知")]
irreconcilable a.不能妥协的;矛盾的 [ir不+RECONCILABLE可以和解的]
irrefragable a.不可辩驳的;不可否认的 [LL irrefragabilis(IN-, refragari oppose)~ proof 无可辩驳的证据]
irrelevant a.离题的;无关的
irremediable a.不能补救的;无可救药的 [L irremediabilis(IN-, REMEDY)]
irresistible a.不能抵抗的;不能反驳的 [edL irresistibilis(IN-, RESIST)]
irreverent a.不恭敬的 [L irreverens(IN-, REVERENT尊敬的;虔诚的)]
irrevocable a.不能撤消的;不能挽回的 [ME<L irrevocabilis(IN-, REVOKE)]
isotope n.同位素 [ISO-+Gk topos place(ie in the periodic table of elements)]
iterate v.重复;重述 [L iterare iterat-<iterum again]
itinerant a.巡回的;流动的 [LL itinerari travel<L iter itiner- journey]
itinerary n.旅行路线;旅行计划 [LL itinerarius(adj), -um(n)<L iter: ITINERANT(<L."旅行")巡回的,游历的,周游中的;周游者 an ~ judge] [巡回法官]
jabber v.含糊地说;吱查地叫 [~ French 叽哩咕噜地讲法语 ~ out one’s prayers 叽哩咕噜地快语祷告]
jade n.瘦马;翡翠;玉
jaded a.厌倦的;精疲力尽的
jangle v.争吵 [ME<OF jangler, of uncert orig]
japery n.戏虐;嘲弄 [jape 戏谑,揶揄 玩笑;嘲弄,愚弄]
jargon n.专用术语;行话 [F<It giargone, prob ult formed as ZIRCON(矿)锆石,风信子玉]
jaundiced a.患黄胆病的;有偏见的 [JAUNDICE黄胆;偏见]
jaunty a.轻快的;得易扬扬的 [earlier jentee<F gentil GENTLE]
jeer v.揶揄;嘲笑
jejune a.空洞的;枯燥乏味的 [orig = fasting,<L jejunus]
jeopardy n.危险 [<L jocus game+partitus pp. of partire divide<pars partis part jeopardize使濒于危险,置于险境]
jeremiad v.悲欢;悲诉
[F jeremiade<Jeremie Jeremiah<ecclL Jeremias, with ref to the Lamentations of Jeremiah in the Old Testament]
jerk n.急拉;肌肉抽筋;古怪之人 [Amer Sp charquear<charqui<Quechua echarqui dried flesh stop (pull) with a ~ 顿然停止 (猛然一拉) He ~ed] [out an insult at me 他突然破口对我大骂]
jest n.嘲笑;笑话;讲笑话 [orig = exploit,<OF geste<L gesta neut pl pp. of gerere do make (drop) a ~ 说笑话 (俏皮话) You mustn’t ~] [at me 你不可以取笑我]
jesuitical a.狡猾的;阴险的 [Jesuit(<L."耶稣"(Jesus))属于耶稣会(the Society of Jesus)的修道士,耶稣会会员;狡猾虚伪的人;诡辩家]
jettison n.投弃;除去 [ME<AF getteson, OF getaison<L jactatio -onis<jactare throw: JET喷射;喷出]
jibe v.与...一致;符合;嘲笑 [They did not ~ so well 他们之间并不太和谐 = gibe They ~d at my mistakes 他们嘲笑我的错误]
jingoism a.极端之爱国主义
jinx n.不祥物;白虎星;使倒楣 [perh var of jynx wryneck, charm put a ~ on ┅ 使倒楣 (触霉头) break (smash) the ~ 破解霉运;(于竞]赛[中])连败之后获胜
jocose a.开玩笑的;滑稽的 [L jocosus<jocus jest 笑柄,笑料 开(某人)玩笑,嘲弄(with)]
jocular a.滑稽的;好笑的 [L jocularis<joculus dimin of jocus jest]
jocund n.欢乐的;高兴的 [ME<OF<L jocundus, jucundus<juvare delight]
jog v.轻撞;提醒;慢跑 [He ~ged me. 他轻轻地推了我. ~ home 步伐蹒跚地走回家. I ~ five miles a day. 我一天慢跑五哩. We] [must be jogging. 我们该动身了.]
jolly a.愉快的;饮酒作乐的 [the ~ god 快乐的神(指巴克斯(Bacchus)而言)a ~ fellow 有趣的家伙 What a ~ mess I am in! 这下子]糟[了!] You are ~ late 你来得很迟
jolt v.摇动;颠跛;打激
[The coach ~ed its passengers over the miserable road 长途汽车在糟糕的公路上行驶,把乘客们颠得叫 苦不迭 Something had ~ed him awake 他被某事惊醒
jubilation a.欢呼;庆祝
[L jubilare jubilant- shout for joy jubilant 扬声欢呼的;喜洋洋的 jubilee 周年纪念;庆典;五十年节;大 赦年
judicial a.司法的;法院的 [ME<L judicialis<judicium judgement<judex JUDGE]
judicious n.明智的;贤明的 [F judicieux<L judicium(JUDICIAL)]
jumble v.混杂 [Don’t ~ up (together) the things in the drawer 不 要把抽屉锄的东西弄得乱七八糟]
juncture n.关头;接合 [ME<L junctura(JOIN)]
junk n.垃积;舢板;块;咸肉 [obs F juncque, Port junco, or Du jonk,<Jav djong]
junket n.野宴;游览 [ME jonket<OF jonquette rush-basket(used to carry junket)<jonc rush<L juncus go on a ~ to the country(for] [a picnic)到郊外 去(野餐)]
jurisprudence v.法律体系;法院裁定 [LL jurisprudentia<L jus juris law+prudentia knowledge: PRUDENT审慎的]
juvenile a.青少年 [L juvenilis<juvenis young ~ behavior 幼稚的行为 ~ delinquency(青)少年犯罪]
juxtapose n.并列;并置 [F juxtaposer<L juxta next: POSE姿势;装模作样;提出讨论 juxtaposition 并排,并置,并列]
juxtaposition n.并排;并置;并列 [juxta- (用于复合中) 表"接近的,近傍的"之义 juxtaterrestiral 近陆地的]
kaleidoscope n.万花筒;不断改变之事物 [Gk kalos beautiful+eidos form+-SCOPE]
ken a.眼界;知识范围 [OE cennan<Gmc]
kernel n.果仁;要点;精髓 [OE cyrnel, dimin of CORN]
kindle v.点火;激起;煽动;鼓舞 [ME<ON kynda, kindle: cf ON kindill candle, torch]
kinetic n.运动的 [Gk kinetikos<kineo move ~ art 动态艺术 ~ energy(物理)动能]
kith n.朋友;邻人 [OE cythth<Gmc kith and kin 亲朋好友 kithe 明白表示,宣布,证实]
kleptomaniac a.有盗窃狂的人 [k kleptes thief+-MANIA]
knack n.诀窍;窍门
[ME, prob identical with knack sharp blow or sound<LG, ult imit You can do it when you get the ~ of it 摸到窍门的 话你也能做
knavery n.恶行;欺诈的行为 [knave(<OE "小孩")恶棍;男子;仆人;(纸牌戏)杰克(jack)OE cnafa boy, servant]
knell n.丧钟声 [OE cnyll, cnyllan: perh infl by bell ring (sound,toll) the knell of ┅ 敲的丧钟]
knit v.编织;使密接;使接合 [OE cnyttan<WG: cf KNOT 结;结节,硬块]
knoll n.小山;小丘 [ME, var of KNELL 钟声;(尤指教堂的)丧钟]
knotty a.有结的;多瘤的;纠纷的
knowledgeable a.有丰富知识的;博学的
kudos n.名声;光荣;荣誉
laborious a.需要劳动的;勤勉的 [ME<OF laborieus<L laboriosus(LABOUR劳动;费力;俗事;分娩;困难地作]
labyrinth n.迷宫 [F labyrinthe or L labyrinthus<Gk laburinthos]
lace n.v.带子;加少量白兰地 [ME<OF laz, las, lacier ult<L laqueus noose lacework花边;网状物]
lacerate v.撕裂;伤害 [L lacerare<lacer torn laceration 划破,撕裂(感情等的)伤害,苦恼]
lachrymose a.令人流泪的;悲惨的 [L lacrimosus<lacrima tear]
lackadaisical a.懒散的 [archaic lackaday, -daisy(int): ALACK alack(aday)(古)呜呼! 哀哉! 唉! 哎呀! 啊!(Alas!)]
lackey n.侍从;跟班
[F laquais, obs alaquais<Cat alacay = Sp ALCALDE(西班牙、葡萄牙等国兼具行政与司法权之)市长, 镇长
laconic a.简洁的 [L<Gk Lakonikos<Lakon Spartan, the Spartans being known for their terse speech]
laggard a.缓慢的;落后的 [LAG落后,蹁跚]
lair n.兽穴;围栏;躲避处 [lair back-form<lairy;lairy alt<LEERY 多疑的,细心的;提防 (不随便附和) ()的(of);空的]
laity n.信徒;俗人;门外汉 [ME<LAY世俗的,外行的+-ITY=LAYMAN (反)expert]
lambaste v.痛打;严责 [LAM鞭打+BASTE烤]
lambent a.摇曳的;轻柔光明的 [L lambere lambent- lick舔;鞭打]
lament v.n.悲叹;悔恨 [L lamentum lamentable可悲的;可叹的;可怜的 lamentation哀伤;哀悼]
laminated a.薄板的;由薄片组成的 [laminate制成薄板,制成箔;成积层板 LAMINA薄片+-ATE]
Unit 18
lampoon v.讽刺 [F lampon, conjectured to be<lampons let us drink<lamper gulp down<laper LAP LAMPOONER讽刺]作家
lance n.枪;矛;枪骑兵;以枪刺之 [L lancea: lance-corporal on analogy of obs lancepesade lowest grade of NCO ult<It lancia spezzata broken lance] [lancinate(医)戮,刺]
languid a.精神不振的;无兴趣的 [F languide or L languidus(LANGUISH憔悴;凋萎)]
languish v.凋萎;受苦 [ME<OF languir, ult<L languere, rel to LAX]
languor n.无精力;郁闷 [ME<OF<L languor -oris(LANGUISH)]
lank a.细长的 [OE hlanc<Gmc: cf FLANK侧面,侧腹 LINK连接物,联系]
lapidary n.宝石匠;宝石收藏家 [ME<L lapidarius<lapis -idis stone]
lapse n.错误;误入岐途;消灭 [L lapsus<labi laps- glide, slip, fall]
larceny n.盗窃(罪) [<latro robber, mercenary<Gk latreus <L.,意为"窃盗",此字与拉丁文的]
largess n.慷慨的赠与 [ME<OF largesse ult<L largus copious]
largo a.慢曲 [It, = broad]
lark n.云雀;诗人;歌手;开玩笑
lascivious a.淫乱的;好色的 [ME<LL lasciviosus<L lascivia lustfulness<lascivus sportive 嬉戏的,游戏的,快活的 wanton 淫荡的,] [情的,不贞的]
lash v.鞭打;激怒;捆绑 [ME: prob imit the ~ of rain on the roof 猛烈地击打屋顶的雨 ~ a person into a fury 激怒某人]
lassitude n.疲乏;倦怠 [F lassitude or L lassitudo<lassus tired]
lasso n.v.捕野马等用的套索 [Sp lazo LACE带子]
latent a.潜伏的 [L latere latent- be hidden latency隐伏;潜伏,潜在]
lateral a.侧面的;旁边的 [L lateralis<latus lateris side]
latitude n.行动的自由范围;纬度 [ME, = breadth,<L latitudo -dinis<latus broad]
laud v.n.赞美 [ME:(n)<OF laude,(v)<L laudare,<L laus laudis praise laudable值得称赞]
laudatory a.表示赞美的;颂扬性的
lave v.洗浴;汲取 [ME<OF laver<L lavare wash, perh coalescing with OE lafian]
lavish a.丰富的;浪费的 [ME<obs lavish, lavas(n)profusion<OF lavasse deluge of rain<laver wash]
lax a.松的;缓慢的;散慢的 [ME, = loose,<L laxus: rel to SLACK消极怠工 laxity徐缓;松弛,散慢;放纵]
lease v.租 [ME<AF les, OF lais, leis<lesser, laissier leave<L laxare make loose(laxus)]
lecherous a.好色的;淫邪的 [ME<OF lecheros etc<lecheur LECHER好色的人 lechery好色]
lectern n.讲台;读经台 [ME lettorne<OF let(t)run, medL lectrum<legere lect- read LECTURE]
leer n.秋波;恶意瞥视;送秋波 [perh<obs leer cheek<OE hleor, as though ’to glance over one’s cheek’]
legend n.传说;轶闻;圣徒传 [ME(in sense 3)<OF legende<medL legenda what is to be read, neut pl gerundive of L legere read]
legion n.军队;大量的;无数的 [ME<OF<L legio -onis<legere choose(<L."选出")Legends about him are ~ 有关他的传说举不胜举]
legitimate a.合法的;正统的 [edL legitimare<L legitimus lawful<lex legis law]
lengthy a.长的;漫长的
leonine a.狮的;似狮的;威风凛凛的 [ME<OF leonin -ine or L leoninus<leo leonis lion]
lesion n.伤害;损害 [ME<OF<L laesio -onis<laedere laes- injure]
lethal a.致死的;毁灭性的 [L let(h)alis<letum death]
lethargy n.昏睡 [ME<OF litargie<LL lethargia<Gk lethargia<lethargos forgetful<leth-, lanthanomai forget lethargic无 气];[昏睡的]
levelheaded a.头脑冷静的
levity n.轻率;轻浮 [L levitas<levis light]
lewd a.淫荡的 [OE l’wede LAY]
lexicographer n.词典编辑者 [lexical字典的;语句的 Gk lexikos, lexikon: LEXICON专门词汇;辞典]
lexicon n.专门词汇;字典 [modL<Gk lexikon(biblion book), neut of lexikos<lexis word<lego speak]
liable a.有做...的倾向 [ME perh<AF<OF lier<L ligare bind liability有倾向;易陷于;应负责]
libelous a.诽谤性的
liberal a.自由主义的;慷慨的 [ME, orig = befitting a free man,<OF<L liberalis<liber free(man)liberality宽大,大方;糠慨;施予]
libertine n.淫荡者 [L libertinus freedman<libertus made free<liber free]
libidinous a.淫荡的 [ME<L libidinosus<libido -dinis lust]
license n.许可;许可证 [ME<LICENCE: -se on analogy of the verbs PRACTISE, PROPHESY, perh after ADVISE, where the sound] [differs from the corresp noun]
lien n.置留权;抵押权 [F<OF loien<L ligamen bond<ligare bind lienable 可留置的 a ~ cargo 可留置的货物]
lieu n.代替 [ME<F<L locus place in lieu of ┅代替]
lilliputian a.小人国的;心地狭窄的 [Lilliput 斯威夫特(Swift)所著讽刺小说格利佛游记(Gulliver’s Travels)中所描述的国家)]
limpid a.清澈的 [F limpide or L limpidus, perh rel to LYMPH淋巴]
linger v.踌躇;徘徊;持久不衰 [ME lenger, frequent of leng<OE lengan<Gmc, rel to LENGTHEN延长 lingering拖延的;依依不舍的]
linguistic a.语言上的
[linguistique or G Linguistik(LINGUIST 通晓多种外国语的人,语言专家 a good (bad, poor) ~ 善于 ( 不善于) 使用语言的人
liquidate v.清算;偿付 [medL liquidare make clear(LIQUID)liquidation 清算,清理,清偿 go into liquidation 清算 (破产)]
liquor n.酒精饮料 [ME<OF lic(o)ur<L liquor -oris(LIQUID)]
lissom a.敏捷的;柔软的 [ult<LITHE柔软+-SOME]
list n.目录;竞技场;制作;倾斜 [The ship ~ed seven degrees to port (starboard) 船 向左舷 (右舷) 倾斜七度]
listless a.冷漠的;不留心的 [ME<obs list inclination倾斜+-LESS]
litany n.连祷; 冗长的;罗唆的 [<Gk litaneia prayer<lite supplication恳求,哀求]
literal a.文字的;无想像力的 [ME<OF literal or LL litteralis<L littera(LETTER)]
lithe a.柔软的;易弯的 [OE lithe<Gmc]
litigation n.诉讼;起诉;争论 [litigate例题诉讼 litigant a诉讼的n诉讼当事人,诉讼关系人 litigious好诉讼的,好论争的;可诉讼的]
litter n.垃圾;厩肥;乱丢 [ME<AF litere, OF litiere<medL lectaria<L lectus bed literbin垃圾筒]
lively a.生气勃勃的;弹性好的 [OE liflic(LIFE, -LY)]
livid a.死灰色的;激怒的 [F livide or L lividus<livere be bluish 带蓝色的]
loaf n.一块面包;虚度光阴 [prob a back-form<LOAFER 游荡者;流浪者 (L~;常~s)(美)一种便鞋,懒人鞋]
loath a.不愿意的;勉强的 [OE lath<Gmc loathsome可恶的;令人作呕的]
loathe v.厌恶;嫌恶 [OE lathian<Gmc, rel to LOATH]
lobby n.门廊;通道 [medL lobia, lobium LODGE(<古法语"小屋")(暂时)住宿,投宿]
locus n.场所;所在地;轨迹 [L, = place]
lodge n.小屋;门房;住宿;存放 [ME loge<OF loge arbour, hut,<medL laubia, lobia(see LOBBY)<Gmc lodger寄宿人;投宿人]
loft n.顶楼;楼厢;楼座 [OE<ON lopt air, sky, upper room,<Gmc(LIFT)]
lofty a.高的;巍峨的;傲慢的 [ME<LOFT as in aloft]
log n.v.圆木;笨蛋;记录 [in the ~ 以仍为圆木的状态 a ~ cabin 圆木小屋]
longevity n.长寿 [LL longaevitas<L longus life+aevum age]
loom n.织布机;朦朦地出现 [prob<LG or Du: cf E Fris lomen move slowly, MHG l men be weary]
loop n.圈;环线
loot n.v.掠夺(品) [Hindi lut]
lope v.轻快的步伐 [ME, var of Sc loup<ON hlaupa LEAP elope私奔]
loquacious a.多嘴的;喧噪的;饶舌的 [L loquax -acis<loqui talk]
lore n.知识;全部传说 [L lorum strap]
lottery n.奖券;抽签;命运 [prob<Du loterij(LOT)]
lounge n.v.闲逛;休习室;睡椅 [perh<obs lungis lout lounger漫步的人;懒人]
lout n.粗人;乡下佬 [perh<archaic lout to bow loutish粗野的,无礼的]
lubricity n.狡猾;难以捉摸 [lubricus slippery lubricious=lubricous 光滑的;好色的]
lucent a.光辉的;明亮的 [L lucere shine(LUX勒克斯)]
lucid a.明白易懂的;神志清明的 [L lucidus(perh through F lucide or It lucido)<lucere shine(LUX)]
lucrative a.可获利的;赚钱的 [ME<L lucrativus<lucrari to gain]
lucre n.金钱;财富 [ME<F lucre or L lucrum filthy ~ 龌龊钱,不义之财,来路不正的钱]
ludicrous a.滑稽的;可笑的 [L ludicrus prob<ludicrum stage play a ~ remark 荒唐的意见]
lugubrious a.悲哀的;忧愁的 [L lugubris<lugere mourn]
lukewarm a.微温的;不热情的 [ME<(now dial)luke, lew<OE]
lumber n.木材;破烂;笨拙地走 [perh<LUMBER: later assoc with obs lumber pawnbroker’s shop(< Lombard(当铺);因从前当铺常由伦]巴 [人经营 并收集无用之物)]
luminous a.发光的;光亮的 [ME<OF lumineux or L luminosus]
lunacy n.精神失常;疯癫 [lunatic疯子;极蠢的]
lunar a.月的 [L lunaris<luna moon]
lupine a.狼的;凶猛的 [L lupinus<lupus wolf]
lurch v.突然倾斜;蹁跚而行 [orig = a severe defeat in a game,<F lourche(also the game itself, like backgammon)]
lure v.吸引;诱惑 [ME<OE luere<Gmc]
lurid a.火红的;刺眼的;可怕的 [L luridus<luror wan or yellow colour a ~ sunset 火红的晚霞 a ~ story 令人毛骨悚然的故事 the ~ covers] [of paperbacks 颜色刺眼的平装书封面]
lurk v.藏躲;埋伏 [ME perh<LOUR牛叫声 with frequent -k as in TALK]
luscious a.味道甘美的 [ME perh alt of obs licious<DELICIOUS]
luster n.光彩;光泽 [lustrous 光亮的;有光泽的]
lusty a.强壮的;性欲旺盛的 [ME<LUST欲望;色欲+-Y]
luxuriant a.肥沃的;丰富的 [L luxuriare grow rank<luxuria LUXURY]
lyric n.抒情诗;歌词;抒情的 [F lyrique or L lyricus<Gk lurikos(LYRE七弦琴;小竖琴)]
macabre a.恐怖的 [ME<OF macabre perh<Macabe a Maccabee, with ref to a miracle play showing the slaughter of the Maccabees]
macerate v.消瘦;衰弱 [L macerare macerat- (~ oneself)憔悴]
machination n.阴谋;图谋;策划 [machinate策划<阴谋>]
macrocosm n.大宇宙;全范围 [(反)microcosm 小宇宙,微观世界;缩图(of)]
maculate v.弄污 [macula lutea(解)黄斑 maculation 斑点,沾污,斑纹]
maelstrom n.漩涡 [early mod Du<malen grind, whirl+stroom STREAM]
magnanimous a.宽宏大量的 [L magnanimus<magnus great+animus soul]
magnate n.伟人;巨头 [ME<LL magnas -atis<L magnus great]
magnify v.扩大;夸张;赞美 [ME<OF magnifier or L magnificare(MAGNIFICENT)magnification 扩大;夸张;赞美]
magniloquent a.夸张的 [L magniloquus<magnus great+-loquus -speaking]
magnitude n.大小;重大 [ME<L magnitudo<magnus great measure the ~ of a lake 测量湖之大小 an earthquake of ~ 35 震度三]点[ 五的地震
magot n.坏念头
maim v.使残废 [ME maime etc<OF mahaignier etc]
makeshift n.权宜之计;临时代用品 [a ~ for a table 暂代的桌子;暂时当桌子用的东西 a ~ bookcase 暂时将就使用的书橱]
maladroit a.笨拙的;愚钝的 [F(MAL-, ADROIT)]
malapropism n.可笑的用词错误 [Mrs Malaprop(f MALAPROPOS不合时宜的)in Sheridan’s The Rivals(1775)]
malcontent n.不满现状的人 [F(MAL-, CONTENT)]
malediction n.诅咒;诽谤 [ME<L maledictio<maledicere speak evil of<male ill+dicere dict- speak]
malefactor n.罪犯;作恶者 [ME<L<malefacere malefact-<male ill+facere do]
malevolent a.恶意的 [OF malivolent or<L malevolens<male ill+volens willing, part of velle]
malicious a.心毒的;怀恶意的 [OF malicius<L malitiosus(MALICE恶意)]
malign v.诽谤;中伤 [<LL malignare contrive maliciously<L malignus<malus bad: cf BENIGN良性]
malignant a.怀恶意的;恶性的 [LL malignare(MALIGN诽谤;恶毒)malignity恶意,歹意;怨恨;恶性]
malingerer n.装病以逃避职责的人 [back-form<malingerer app<F malingre, perh formed as MAL-+haingre weak]
mall n.树荫道 [var of MAUL: applied to The Mall in London(orig a pall-mall alley)]
malleable a.有展性的;可锻的 [<L malleare to hammer<malleus hammer锤子]
mammal n.哺乳动物 [modL mammalia neut pl of L mammalis(MAMMA妈妈)]
mammoth n.猛马;巨大之物;庞大的 [Russ mamo(n)t Mammoth Cave National Park 马默斯巨穴国家公园]
manacle n.手铐;束缚;拘束 [ME<OF manicle handcuff<L manicula dimin of manus hand]
mandate v.命令;强制;托管;批准 [L mandatum, neut pp. of mandare command<manus hand+dare give: sense of n after F mandat]
mandatory a.命令的;委托的;义务的 [LL mandatorius<L(MANDATE)]
mania n.狂躁;狂热...;狂 [ME<LL<Gk, = madness<mainomai be mad, rel to MIND maniacal发狂的]
manifest a.载货清单 [It manifesto: MANIFESTO]
manifesto n.宣言;声明 [It<manifestare<L(MANIFEST)]
manifold a.繁多的;多方面的 [OE manigfeald(MANY, -FOLD)]
manikin n.矮人;侏儒;人体解剖模型 [同mannequin Du manneken, dimin of man MAN(<荷兰语"侏儒")]
manipulate v.操作 [back-form<manipulation<F manipulation<modL manipulatio(MANIPLE), after F manipuler]
mantle n.斗篷;外套面纱;盖 [ME<OF<L mantellum cloak斗蓬;掩护]
manumit v.解放(奴隶) [ME<L manumittere manumiss-<manus hand+emittere send forth]
mar v.破坏;糟蹋 [OE merran hinder障碍]
marauder n.掠夺者 [maraud劫掠,掠夺;袭击]
mare n.牝马;雌性马类动物;海 [L, = sea(天文)(月亮、火星的)海(表面的黑暗部分)(<L."海")]
marginal a.边缘的;末端的;不重要的 [medL marginalis(MARGIN边际)]
marine a.海的;海运的 [ME<OF marin marine<L marinus<mare sea]
marital a.婚姻的 [L maritalis<maritus husband]
maritime a.海上的;近海的 [L maritimus<mare sea]
marrow n.骨髓;力量;活力 [OE mearg, m’rg<Gmc the ~ of the land 国力 be chilled to the ~ 寒冷彻骨 He is an artist to the ~(of his] bones) [他是一 位道地的艺术家]
martial a.战争的;军事的
[ME<OF martial or L martialis of the Roman god Mars: MARS 火星;(罗马神话)战神(相当于希腊神话 爱力士(Ares);Bellona1(罗马神话)贝罗娜, 司战女神
Unit 19
martinet n.厉行严格纪律的人 [J Martinet, 17th-c French drill-master]
masquerade n.画装舞会;参加化装舞会 [mascarade<Sp mascarada<m scara mask]
massacre n.大屠杀;使惨败 [the Massacre of St Bartholomew(法国的)圣巴托罗 缪大屠杀(<古法语"屠,宰")]
massive a.巨大的;重的;厚重的 [ME<F massif -ive<OF massiz ult<L massa MASS]
mast n.桅杆;首领;老师;基督 [rel to MEAT(<中OE "食物")肉;内容,实质 a speech full of ~ 内容充实的演说]
masticate v.咀嚼 [LL masticare masticat-<Gk mastikhao gnash the teeth masticable 可咀嚼的;嚼得碎的]
materialize v.赋与实质;物质化
maternal a.母亲的 [ME<OF maternel or L maternus<mater mother matriarchy妇女统治]
matricide n.弑母 [L matricida, matricidium<mater matris mother]
matrix n.模型;子宫;矩阵 [L, = breeding-female, womb, register<mater matris mother]
maturity n.成熟;完成;到期;化脓
maudlin a.易伤感的 [ME<OF Madeleine<ecclL Magdalena MAGDALEN, with ref to pictures of Mary Magdalen weeping]
maul n.大槌;撕裂;粗暴对待 [ME<OF mail<L malleus hammer]
maunder v.絮聒 [perh<obs maunder beggar, to beg]
mausoleum n.陵墓 [L<Gk Mausoleion<Mausolos Mausolus king of Caria(4th c BC), to whose tomb the name was orig applied]
mauve n.淡紫色 [F, lit = mallow,<L malva]
mawkish a.令人作呕的 [obs mawk maggot<ON mathkr<Gmc maw动物的胃]
maxim n.格言;箴言 [ME<F maxime or medL maxima(propositio), fem adj(MAXIMUM极大)]
mayhem n.伤害罪 [AF mahem, OF mayhem(MAIM)HEM边缘;包围]
meander v.蜿蜒而流 [L maeander<Gk Maiandros, the name of a winding river in Phrygia]
measured a.精确的;基于标准的
meddlesome a.爱管闲事的 [MEDDLE干涉]
mediate v.调停;作...之中间者 [LL mediare mediat-<L medius middle]
mediocre a.平常的;普通的
[F mediocre or<L mediocris of middle height or degree<medius middle+ocris rugged mountain mediocrity 平凡;凡人
meditation n.沉思;考虑
medium n.媒介物;方法;环境;中央 [L, = middle, neut of medius]
medley n.混合 [ME<OF medlee var of meslee<Rmc(MEDDLE)]
meek a.温柔的;谦恭的;懦弱的 [ME me(o)c<ON mj*kr soft, gentle]
megalopolis n.大城市 [MEGA-+Gk polis city]
melancholy n.忧郁;意气消沉 [<Gk melagkholia<melas melanos black+khole bile]
melee n.混战;群殴 [a fist-swinging ~ 互殴的混战 the ~ around the bargain counter 围在特价品贩卖柜台四周的混乱人群]
mellifluous a.流畅的 [ME<OF melliflue or LL mellifluus<mel honey+fluere flow]
memento n.纪念品;令人回忆的东西 [L, imper of meminisse remember]
memorial a.纪念碑 [ME<OF memorial or L memorialis(MEMORY) memorialize 纪念]
menace v.n.威胁;胁迫 [ME ult<L minax -acis threatening<minari threaten]
menagerie n.动物园;人物荟集
[F menagerie(MeNAGE(<F "家政")The office is a ~ of egotists and sycophants 该办公室乃是自私者与 谄媚者汇集之处
mendacious a.好说谎的;不诚实的 [L mendax -dacis perh<mendum fault mendacity 撒谎(的习惯、性格)虚伪;谎言(lie)]
mendicant n.乞丐 [L mendicare beg<mendicus beggar<mendum fault]
menial a.奴仆的;卑贱的 [ME<OF meinee household]
mentor n.良师 [F<L<Gk Mentor adviser of the young Telemachus in Homer’s Odyssey and Fenelon’s Telemaque]
mercantile a.商人的;贸易的 [F<It<mercante MERCHANT商人;商业的 merchandise商品]
mercenary a.图利的 [ME<L mercenarius<merces -edis reward]
merchandise n.v.商品;存货;交易;买卖
mercurial a.多变的 [ME<OF mercuriel or L mercurialis (MERCURY汞;使者)]
mere a.小湖 [OE<Gmc]
meretricious a.粉饰的;俗气的 [L meretricius<meretrix -tricis prostitute<mereri be hired MERETRIX妓女]
merit v.功绩;价值;真相 [ME<OF merite<L meritum price, value, = pp. of mereri earn, deserve]
mesa n.台地 [Sp, lit table,<L mensa]
mesmerize v.施以催眠术 [<奥地利医生Mesmer,创始催眠术]
mesoscale n.中等规模
metamorphosis n.蜕变;变形 [L<Gk metamorphosis<metamorphoo transform(META-变化, morphoo<morphe form)]
metaphor n.隐喻 [F metaphore or L metaphora<Gk metaphora<metaphero transfer metaphorical隐喻性的,比喻性的]
metaphysical a.形而上学的;抽象的
mete v.测量;分配 [ME<OF<L meta boundary, goal ~ out justice 给与公平的赏罚]
meteoric a.流星的;昙花一现的 [meteor 流星;陨石]
meticulous a.小心翼翼的 [L meticulosus<metus fear]
metonymy n.转喻;换喻 [LL metonymia<Gk metonumia(META-, onoma, onuma name)]
metropolis n.首府;大城市 [LL<Gk metropolis parent State<meter metros mother+polis city]
mettle n.勇气;精神 [(metal 的变体字)put (set) a person on his ~ 使某人奋发,激励某人]
mettlesome a.勇敢的;有生气的
mews n.马厩 [pl(now used as sing)of MEW巢;咪咪;海鸥, orig of the royal stables on the site of hawks’ mews at Charing] [Cross]
miasma n.瘴气 [Gk, = defilement,<miaino pollute]
microcosm n.小天地;小宇宙;小世界 [<Gk mikros kosmos little world]
mien n.风采;态度 [prob<obs demean<DEMEAN, assim to F mine expression]
migrant a.移居的
migratory a.流动的;移动的
milieu n.(个人所处的)社会环境 [F<mi MID+lieu place]
militant a.态度强硬的;好战的 [ME<OF<L(MILITATE)]
militate v.发生作用;影响
[L militare militat-<miles militis soldier;Circumstances ~d agains this success 环境对他的成 功有不利 的影响
millennium n.一千年;太平盛世 [modL<L mille thousand after BIENNIUM二年之期间 millenarian 属于或相信 millenium 的.n.相信] [millenium 的人]
mimic a.丑角;摹写品 [L mimicus<Gk mimikos(MIME)mimicry模仿;仿造品;拟态]
minatory a.威胁的;恫吓的 [LL minatorius<minari minat- threaten]
mince v.切碎;装模作样地行动 [ME<OF mincier ult<L(MINUTIA细节;琐事)]
mincing a.装模作样的;矫饰的
mire n.泥沼;困境;污辱 [ME<ON m*rr<Gmc, rel to MOSS泥沼]
mirth n.欢笑;愉快;高兴 [OE myrgth(MERRY)mirthful 愉快的;高兴的 mirthless 不快乐的;悲伤的;阴森的]
misadventure n.不幸;灾难 [ME<OF mesaventure<mesavenir turn out badly(MIS-, ADVENT: cf ADVENTURE)]
misanthrope n.恨人类的人;厌世者 [F<Gk misanthropos<misos hatred+anthropos man]
miscegenation n.黑白通婚;杂婚 [irreg<L miscere mix+genus race]
miscellany n.文集;杂集;杂录 [F miscellanees(fem pl)or L MISCELLANEA pl]
mischance n.不幸 [ME<OF mesch(e)ance<mescheoir(MIS-, CHANCE)]
mischievous a.有害的;淘气的;顽皮的 [ME<AF meschevous<OF meschever: MISCHIEF(虽无恶意,但会给人添麻烦的)淘气,恶作剧(<古 语]"[不顺利,变成错误的结果")]
miscreant n.恶棍 [ME<OF mescreant(MIS-, creant part of croire<L credere believe)]
misgivings n.疑惧 [(反)confidence]
misguide v.指导错误 [(主要用过去词形式)]
mishap n.灾祸 [without ~ 平安无事地 They met with a (slight) ~ on the way 他们在途中遇到(小)事故]
misnomer n.错误的名称;误称 [ME<AF<OF mesnom(m)er(MIS-, nommer name<L nominare formed as NOMINATE)]
misogyny n.厌恶女人;对女人之憎恨 [Gk misos hatred+gune woman]
missile n.投射出的武器(如导弹) [L missilis<mittere miss- send]
mite n.极小的东西;小铜币 [not a mite(口语)一点也不]
mitigate v.缓和;减轻 [ME<L mitigare mitigat-<mitis mild unmitigated严厉的;未缓和的 The heat is ~]
moan n.v.呻吟;呼啸 [ME<OE man(unrecorded)<Gmc]
mobile a.动的;易动的 [ME<F<L mobilis<movere move]
mock v.嘲笑;模仿;欺骗 [ME mokke, mocque<OF moquer deride<Rmc]
moderate a.稳健的;减轻;节制 [ME<L moderatus pp. of moderare reduce, control: rel to MODEST]
modicum n.少量 [L, = short distance or time, neut of modicus moderate<modus measure]
modish a.流行的;时髦的 [a ~ restaurant 现代式的餐厅]
modulate v.调整;缓和;变调 [L modulari modulat- to measure<modus measure modulation(声音之)抑扬;变调 When she spoken, it was] [without quiet ~ of voice]
moiety n.一半;部分 [<L medietas -tatis middle<medius(adj)middle]
molecule n.分子 [F molecule<modL molecula dimin of L moles mass]
molest v.折磨;干涉;无故向人攀谈 [OF molester or L molestare annoy<molestus troublesome]
mollify v.缓和 [ME<F mollifier or L mollificare<mollis soft]
molt v.换毛;蜕皮 [同moult]
molten a.熔化的 [pp. of MELT]
momentous a.极重要的 [a ~ decision 重大决定]
momentum n.动量;冲力 [L<movimentum<movere move]
monarch n.君主;元首 [ME<F monarque or LL monarcha<Gk monarkhes, -os,<monos alone+arkho to rule]
monetary a.货币的;金钱的 [F monetaire or LL monetarius<L(MONEY)]
monopoly n.独占(权);专卖(权);垄断 [L monopolium<Gk monopolion(MONO-, poleo sell)]
monotony n.单调,乾燥,无味;无聊
monstrous a.怪物似的;奇怪的 [ME<OF monstreux or L monstrosus MONSTER 怪物;怪物似的人]
moodiness n.忧郁
moor n.荒野;旷野 [ME more, prob<LG or MLG moren]
moot a.有讨论余地的;讨论 [OE mot, and motian converse,<Gmc, rel to MEET a ~ point 悬而未决之点 a ~ question 未决之问题 The] [issue was ~ed on the Senate floor 该问题在参院讨论]
mope v.觉得郁闷;蹒跚行走 [16th c: prob rel to mope, mopp(e)fool have(a fit of)the ~s 郁郁不乐 be in the ~s 郁郁不乐,意气消沉]
morale n.士气;风纪 [F moral respelt to preserve the pronunciation]
morass n.沼泽;困境;混乱状态 [Du moeras(sim to moer MOOR)<MDu marasch<OF marais marsh<medL mariscus]
moratorium a.延期偿付;停止偿付;禁止 [modL, neut of LL moratorius delaying<L morari morat- to delay<mora delay(<L."延迟,犹豫")]
morbid a.病态的;阴沉的 [L morbidus<morbus disease morbidity病态,不健全;(一地方的)罹病率]
mordant a.讽刺的;尖酸的 [ME<F, part of mordre bite<L mordere mordatious尖刻的]
mores n.习惯;习俗 [L, pl of mos custom]
moribund a.将死的;垂死的 [L moribundus<mori die]
morose a.忧愁的;坏脾气的 [L morosus peevish etc<mos moris manner]
morphology n.形态学;形态论;地形学 [Gk morphe form+-LOGY]
morsel n.(食物的)一口;片断;少量 [ME<OF, dimin of mors a bite<mordere mors- to bite]
mortar n.臼;研钵;迫击炮;灰浆 [ME<AF morter, OF mortier<L mortarium: partly from LG]
mortify v.使蒙屈辱 [ME<OF mortifier<ecclL mortificare kill, subdue<mors mortis death mortification坏疽;禁欲;苦修行; 辱];[屈辱]
mote n.微尘 [OE mot, corresp to Du mot dust, sawdust]
motif n.主题;主旨 [F(MOTIVE)]
motivate v.给与动机 [motivation 刺激;给与动机;推动]
motley a.杂色的;混杂的 [ME mottelay, perh ult rel to MOTE微粒 medly混合物]
mottled a.杂色的;斑驳的 [motley 之变体 mottle v.使成杂色;n.斑纹;杂色毛线 prob. back-form. <MOTLEY]
motto n.标语;座右铭;箴言;铭辞 [(<意大利语"言词")a school ~ 校训]
mountebank n.江湖郎中;骗子 [It montambanco = monta in banco climb on bench: MOUNT装上;爬上, BENCH]
mourn v.悲伤;哀悼;服丧 [OE murnan mournful 悲恸的;悲哀似的;凄惨的 The ~ crowd filed past the bier to pay their last respects]
muck n.粪;垃圾
[ME muk prob<Scand: cf ON myki dung, rel to MEEK muckrake堆肥用耙;揭开丑闻 muckraking 揭发 贪污腐败的
muddle v.使混乱;使糊涂 [perh<MDu moddelen, frequent of modden dabble in mud(MUD)]
muffle v.包裹;使消音;使迟钝 [muffler 围巾;拳击手套;消音器]
muggy a.闷热的 [dial mug mist, drizzle<ON mugga]
mulct v.诈取;处以罚金 [earlier mult(e)<L multa, mulcta:(v)through F mulcter & L mulctare He was ~ed of his life savings by a] [swindler.他被骗子骗走了毕生的储蓄]
multiform a.多种的;各式各样的
multilingual a.通晓多种语言的
multiplicity n.众多 [LL multiplicitas(MULTIPLEX多样的;多重发讯)]
mundane a.现世的;尘世的 [ME<OF mondain<LL mundanus<L mundus world]
munificent a.慷慨的 [L munificent-, var stem of munificus<munus gift]
murkiness n.黑暗;模糊 [murky 黝暗的;雾烟笼罩的]
murmur n.如水流;私语;传说 [ME<OF murmurer<L murmurare: cf Gk mormuro(of water)roar, Skr marmaras noisy]
muse v.沉思;冥想 [ME<OF muser to waste time<Rmc perh<medL musum muzzle]
mushy a.糊状的;感伤的 [mushroom 蕈;急速成长;短命;采蕈 ME <OF mousseron <LL mussirio -onis]
musky a.麝香气味的 [musk deer(动物)麝香鹿 musk 麝香(之香气)musketeer(昔时)配备毛瑟枪之兵,步兵]
muster n.召集;集合;点阅名册 [ME<OF mostre ult<L monstrare show]
musty a.发霉的;陈腐老朽的 [perh alt<moisty(MOIST微湿的,潮湿的,沾湿的)by assoc with MUST霉臭;霉,霉]
mutable a.不定的;可变化的 [L mutabilis<mutare change]
mutation n.(根本的)变化;变易 [ME<L mutatio<mutare change]
Unit 20
mute a.默音 [ME<OF muet, dimin of mu<L mutus, assim to L]
mutilate v.使残废 [L mutilare<mutilus maimed]
mutinous a.反叛的;背叛的 [obs mutine rebellion<F mutin: MUTINEER]
mutual a.相互的;彼此的 [ME<OF mutuel<L mutuus mutual, borrowed, rel to mutare change]
myopic a.近视的;缺乏远见的 [myopia=myopy近视眼,近视 MYOPE近视的人]
myriad n.巨数;无数 [LL mirias miriad-<Gk murias -ados<murioi 10,000 ~s (a ~) of stars 无数的星 our myriad-minded] [Shakespeare 才情洋溢的莎氏 myriapod 多足类的]
myrmidon n.好战的人;唯命是从之人 [(希腊神话)密尔米顿(随阿奇里斯(Achilles)出征特洛伊(Troy)之一名 塞瑟利族勇士]
mysticism n.神秘;神秘教;神秘主义
myth n.神话;传说 [modL mythus<LL mythos<Gk muthos]
mythology n.神话之集合称;虚假宣传 [ME<F mythologie or LL mythologia<Gk muthologia(MYTHO-, -LOGY)]
nadir n.最低点 [ME<OF<Arab nazir(-samt)opposite(to the zenith)(反)pinnacle]
nag n.小马;竞赛马;唠叨;烦扰 [She was always ~ging at the maid 她总是对女 佣唠唠叨叨地责骂不已]
nap n.午睡;一种牌戏;打盹 [abbr of orig name of game NAPOLEON]
narcissism n.自我陶醉;自我观窥欲 [Narcissus(Gk Narkissos), youth who fell in love with his reflection in water]
narcotic a.麻醉剂 [ME<OF narcotique or medL<Gk narkotikos(NARCOSIS昏迷状态)]
nasal a.鼻的;鼻音的 [F nasal or medL nasalis<L nasus nose]
nascent a.初生的;萌芽的 [L nasci nascent- be born nascency 发生;起源]
natal a.出生的;诞生的 [ME<L natalis(NATION)nativity出生;诞生]
natation n.游泳 [L natatio<natare swim natator 游泳者]
nauseate v.使厌恶;使作呕 [L nauseare<naus ship (NAUSEA反胃;晕船;极度的不快;厌恶)]
nautical a.航海的 [<Gk nautikos<nautes sailor<naus ship]
neap a.小潮的;最低潮的 [OE nepflod(cf FLOOD), neap(又作 neap tide)小潮,最低潮(月上弦及下弦时的潮水)]
nebulous a.模糊的 [ME<F nebuleux or L nebulosus(NEBULA=mist星云;角膜翳)]
necrology n.讣闻;死者名册 [necro-死尸]
necromancy n.巫术;通灵术 [NECRO- 死尸 assoc with L niger nigri black, -MANCY]
nefarious a.凶恶的;不法的 [L nefarius<nefas wrong<ne- not+fas divine law]
negation n.否定;否认 [F negation or L negatio(NEGATE否定;取消;使无效<L negare negat- deny)]
nemesis n.报应;公正之惩罚 [Gk, = righteous indignation, personified as goddess of retribution<nemo give what is due]
neophyte n.新信徒;开始者 [NEO- phuton plant->newly planted]
nepotism n.偏袒(亲戚);裙带关系 [<It nepotismo<nepote NEPHEW: orig with ref to popes with illegitimate sons called nephews]
nestle v.伏窝;安身;舒舒服服地躺 [OE nestlian(NEST)nestling 刚孵出的雏;婴儿]
nettle v.刺激;惹怒 [OE netle, netele]
neurasthenic a.(患)神经衰弱的 [neural(解剖)神经(系)的]
neutral a.中立的;局外的 [ME<obs F neutral or L neutralis of neuter gender NEUTER 中性的;无性的]
nexus n.连系;关系 [L<nectere nex- bind the causal ~ 因果关系 →cash nexus]
nib n.喙;笔尖 [prob<MDu nib or MLG nibbe, var of nebbe NEB 鸟嘴;尖端;笔尖]
nicety n.精确;细微 [ME<OF nicete(NICE)]
niche n.搁雕像等的墙壁凹处 [F<nicher make a nest, ult<L nidus nest]
nick n.小伤口;痕迹 [19th c: orig uncert(cf NIP)]
niggardly a.吝啬的 [niggard 吝啬者;吝啬的 NIGGLE 拘泥小节]
niggling a.为琐事操心的 [niggle 为琐事费时;拘泥小节]
nihilism n.虚无论;恐怖主义 [L nihil nothing annihilate消灭]
nimble a.极快的;敏捷;聪明的 [OE n’mel quick to seize<niman take<Gmc, with -b- as in THIMBLE(裁缝用的)顶针,针箍,嵌环]
nirvana n.极乐世界;涅磐 [Skr nirvana<nirva be extinguished<nis out+va- to blow]
nit-pick v.挑剔;吹毛求疵 [nit幼虫+pick]
nocturnal a.夜的;夜间的 [LL nocturnalis<L nocturnus of the night<nox noctis night noctambulant 梦游的 noctilucence 夜间发]光的
noisome a.有恶臭的;有害健康的 [ME<obs noy<ANNOY]
nomadic a.流浪的 [nomad游牧民族;流浪者;游牧的;流浪的<Gk nomas -ados<nemo to pasture放牧;吃草]
nonchalance n.无动于衷 [nonchalant不关心的,冷淡的;平静的, part of nonchaloir<chaloir be concerned]
nonplus v.使困窘;使狼狈 [L non plus not more]
nontheless ad.然而;不过
nook n.角落;隐匿处 [ME nok(e)corner, look in every nook and cranny (corner) 查看每一 个角落,到处找]
norm n.基准;模范;智力水准 [L norma carpenter’s square normative 建立基准的;标准的;规范的 F normatif -ive<L norma] [NORM(<L."(木工的)尺")(常 ~s)标准;规范]
nosegay n.花束 [NOSE+GAY in obs use = ornament]
nostalgia n.思乡;怀古之思 [modL<Gk nostos return home]
nostrum n.万能药;成药 [L, neut of noster our, used in sense ’of our own make’ nosy 好管闲事的,好问东问西的]
notch n.V字形刻痕;箭的缺口 [AF noche perh<a verbal form nocher(unrecorded), of uncert orig notched, notchy 有凹口的;有锯齿状的 The] [flower has ~ yellow petals]
notify v.通知;申报 [ME<OF notifier<L notificare<notus known: NOTICE]
notoriety n.恶名;声名狼籍 [notorious (<L."知名的")]
notorious a.名声狼藉的;恶名昭彰的
[medL notorius<L notus(NOTION观念,主张)notoriety 恶名,丑名;声名狼籍;恶名昭彰的人 earn ~ 得 恶名
novel a.无先例的;新奇的;崭新的 [ME <OF <L novellus <novus new.]
novelty n.新鲜;新奇;珍奇物 [ME<OF novelte(NOVEL 新的)]
novice n.生手;新手 [ME<OF<L novicius<novus new]
noxious a.有害的;有毒的 [L noxius<noxa harm]
nuance n.细微差异 [F<nuer to shade, ult<L nubes cloud]
nubile a.适合于结婚年龄的 [L nubilis<nubere become the wife of]
nudge n.用肘轻推;悄悄推 [17th c: cf Norw dial nugga, nyggja to push, rub]
nugatory a.无益的;无价值的 [L nugatorius<nugari to trifle<nugae jests]
numb a.麻木的 [ME nome(n)pp. of nim take: for -b cf THUMB(手的)拇指 raise one’s ~ 竖起拇指 bite one’s(the)thumb a]t[┅] 挑衅地侮辱<某人>,侮蔑<某人>
nurture v.养育 [ME<OF nour(e)ture(NOURISH滋养,给营养 Milk ~es a baby 牛奶滋养婴儿,牛奶给婴儿营养]
nutrient a.滋养的;营养的 [L nutrire nourish]
nuzzle v.将鼻插入;用鼻爱抚;依偎
[ME<NOSE+-LE The puppy ~d against his shoulder (into his hands) 那只小狗用鼻子碰他的肩膀 (伸 入他的手中)
oaf n.蠢人;莽汉 [orig = elf’s child, var of obs auf<ON lfr elf oafish痴呆的]
oar n.桨;桨状物 [OE ar<Gmc, perh rel to Gk eretmos oar]
oasis n.绿洲;舒适的地方 [LL<Gk, app of Egypt orig]
oath n.盟誓;誓约;(法庭的)宣誓 [OE ath<Gmc(ploaths)]
obdurate a.执迷不悟的;顽固的
[ME<L obduratus pp. of obdurare(OB-, durare harden<durus hard)He is ~ in his convictions 他执着于自 己所坚信的 事 (具有坚定的信仰)
obedient a.顺从的;驯服的 [ME<OF<L obediens -entis(OBEY)]
obeisance n.鞠躬 [ME<OF obeissance(OBEY)make an ~ to ┅对鞠躬 do (pay, make) ~ to ┅ 对表示敬意]
obese a.肥胖的 [L obesus(OB-, edere eat)obesity肥胖;肥大]
obfuscate v.使模糊;使迷乱 [LL obfuscare(OB-, fuscus dark)]
objection n.反对;嫌恶 [ME<OF objection or LL objectio(OBJECT)]
oblation n.圣餐式;祭品;捐献 [ME<OF oblation or LL oblatio(OBLATE 奉为神圣的;献身于修道院生活的人)]
obligation n.义务;契约;债务 [E<OF<L obligatio -onis(OBLIGE)obligatory 义务上的;必须作的 It is ~ that books borrowed from the] [library be returned within two weeks]
obliging a.亲切的;体贴的;殷勤的 [an ~ nature 热心助人的天性]
oblique a.歪斜的 [ME<F<L obliquus]
obliterate v.消灭;毁迹 [L obliterare(OB-, litera LETTER)]
oblivion n.遗忘;忘却 [ME<OF<L oblivio -onis<oblivisci forget oblivious 易忘的;遗忘的;忘记的]
obloquy n.辱骂;毁谤 [ME<LL obloquium contradiction<L obloqui deny(OB-, loqui speak)oblong 长方形 长椭圆形]
obnoxious a.可憎的;使人讨厌的 [<L obnoxiosus or obnoxius(OB-, noxa harm: assoc with NOXIOUS)]
obscene a.猥亵的
[F obsc e or L obsc(a)enus ill-omened, abominable;obscene jokes 猥亵的笑话(<L."不洁的")Don’t be ~ 别开黄腔,别说下流话
obscure a.暗的;昏暗的 [ME<OF obscur<L obscurus dark]
obscurity n.阴暗;暧昧之点 [F obscurite<L obscuritas(OBSCURE微暗的;难解的;不著名的;隐藏)]
obsequious a.逢迎的;奉承的 [ME<L obsequiosus<obsequium compliance(OB-, sequi follow)]
observance n.遵守;仪式 [E<OF<L observantia(OBSERVE)]
obsession n.感情或意念之萦绕;着魔
[L obsessio(OBSESS<恶魔、妄想等>附身;缠绕 (困扰)<人>He was ~ed by (with) fear of death 他被死 亡的恐惧所困扰 He is ~ed by hobbies 他沉溺于癖好中
obsolete a.过时的 [L obsoletus pp.(OBSOLESCENT正在被废弃的OB-, solere be accustomed)]
obstacle n.障碍;干扰 [ME<OF<L obstaculum<obstare impede(OB-, stare stand)]
obstreperous a.喧闹的;吵闹的 [L obstreperus<obstrepere(OB-, strepere make a noise)]
obstruct v.阻塞;妨碍;干扰 [L obstruere obstruct-(OB-, struere build)obstruction 闭塞,妨碍,阻止;妨碍议事 The fallen trees created an] [almost impassable ~]
obtrude v.强行提出;强迫接受
[L obtrudere obtrus-(OB-, trudere push)You had better not ~ your opinions on (upon ) others 你最好不要 强迫别人接受你的意见
obtrusive a.冒失的;莽撞的;强入的 [as OBTRUDE]
obtuse a.钝的;愚钝的 [L obtusus pp.(OBTUND使迟钝;使缓和)]
obviate v.排除;防止 [LL obviare oppose(OB-, via way)]
occult a.玄秘的;秘密的 [L occulere occult-(OB-, celare hide)]
occurrence n.发生;发现出产;存在 [ccurrent that occurs<F<L occurrens -entis(OCCUR)]
oculist n.眼科医生 [F oculiste<L oculus eye]
odorous a.有气味的;芳香的 [L odorus fragrant(ODOUR)]
odyssey n.任何长期流浪生活;冒险 [L Odyssea<Gk Odusseia, title of an epic poem attributed to Homer describing the adventures of] [Odysseus(Ulysses)on his journey home from Troy]
offal n.废弃之物;垃圾 [ME<MDu afval<af OFF+vallen FALL]
offensive a.不愉快;侮辱的 [F offensif -ive or medL offensivus(OFFENCE 罪,犯罪,违反;侮辱,无礼;生气)]
offertory n.奉献仪式;礼拜捐款 [ME<ecclL offertorium offering<LL offert- for L oblat- pp. stem of offerre OFFER]
officious a.好管闲事的;过分殷勤的 [L officiosus obliging<officium: OFFICE]
offset n.抵销;支派;平版印刷 [Domestic losses were ~ by developing foreign markets 用开发国外市场来弥补国内的损失 This will ~ the] [loss 这可以弥补损失]
ogle v.看;送秋波 [prob LG or Du: cf LG oegeln, frequent of oegen look at]
olfactory a.嗅觉的 [L olfactare frequent of olfacere(OLFACTION嗅觉)]
oligarchy n.寡头政治 [F oligarchie or medL oligarchia<Gk oligarkhia(OLIGARCH)]
olympian a.奥林帕斯山的;威严的 [L Olympus or Olympia: OLYMPIC(现代)国际奥林匹克运动会的(古代)奥林匹亚竞赛的]
ominous a.不吉的;恶兆的 [L ominosus(OMEN 前兆,预兆,兆头 L omen ominis evil ~凶兆good ~吉兆)]
omission n.遗漏;省略 [ME<OF omission or LL omissio(OMIT遗漏;省略)]
omnipotent a.万能的 [ME<OF<L omnipotens(OMNI-, POTENT有力的;有效的)]
omnipresent a.无处不在的;遍在的 [medL omnipraesens(OMNI-, PRESENT)]
omniscient a.全知的;无所不知的 [medL omnisciens -entis(OMNI-, scire know)]
omnivorous a.杂食的 [L omnivorus(OMNI-, -VOROUS)]
onerous a.繁重的 [ME<OF onereus<L onerosus<onus oneris burden]
onlooker n.旁观者;观众
onomatopoeia n.拟声语 [<onoma -matos name+poieo make onomatopeoic 拟声的,拟声语的 声喻法的]
onslaught n.猛攻 [<aen on+slag blow, with assim to obs slaught slaughter 宰杀,屠宰(<古北欧语"屠宰肉")]
ontology n.本体论;实体论 [modL ontologia<Gk on ont- being+-LOGY]
onus n.负担;责任 [the ~ of proof 举证的责任 lay (put) the ~ on ┅把责任推给,使人背上的臭名]
ooze v.渗出;泄漏;渐渐消失
[(OE wase 干草堆;干草捆;草褥)Oil was oozing through(the crack) 油从裂缝渗出 The secret will ~ out 秘密会慢慢地泄漏(<OE "汁,湿气")
opacity n.不透明;电波不透过 [F opacite<L opacitas -tatis(OPAQUE不透明物;不透明;不传热)]
opalescent a.发出乳白色光的 [OPAL蛋白石;猫眼石]
opaque a.昏暗的;不透明的 [ME opak<L opacus: spelling now assim to F]
operative a.动作的;运转的;实施中的 [LL operativus<L(OPERATE)]
ophidian a.蛇的;似蛇的 [modL Ophidia<Gk ophis snake ophicleide 低音大号]
opiate n.安眠药;麻醉药 [medL opiatus, -um, opiare<L opium: OPIUM鸦片]
opinionated a.坚持己见的;顽固的 [-ative bs opinionate in the same sense<OPINION]
opportune a.及时的;合时宜的 [ME<OF opportun -une<L opportunus(OB-, portus harbour), orig of the wind driving towards the harbour]
oppressive a.压制性的;压迫的;沉重的 [oppressif -ive<medL oppressivus(OPPRESS压迫;强制as OB-, PRESSHe was ~ed by the heavy burden of] [responsibility)]
opprobrious a.可耻的;辱骂的;无礼的 [ME<LL opprobriosus(OPPROBRIUM耻辱;咒骂(OB-, probrum disgraceful act)]
optician n.眼镜和光学仪器的制造商 [F opticien<medL optica(OPTIC)]
optimism n.乐观;乐天主义 [F optimisme<L OPTIMUM (反)pressimism]
optimum a.最适宜的 [L, neut(n)of optimus best]
optional a.随意的;可自由选择的
opulent a.丰富的;丰饶的 [L opulens, opulent-<opes wealth opulence 财富;富裕 Visitors from Europe are amazed at the ~ of this] [country]
opus n.作品 [L, = work an ~ magnum 文学、艺术的杰作;大事业(<L."工作,作品")]
oracle n.神谕;发布神谕的人 [ME<OF<L oraculum<orare speak oracular神谕的;严肃的]
oration n.演说 [ME<L oratio discourse, prayer<orare speak, pray]
orchid n.淡紫色;赞辞;淡紫色的 [modL Orchid(ac)eae irreg<L orchis: ORCHIS兰]
ordain v.注定;制定 [ME<AF ordeiner, OF ordein- stressed stem of ordener<L ordinare<ordo -inis order]
ordeal n.严酷之考验 [OE ordal, ordel<Gmc: cf DEAL]
ordinance n.法令;条例 [ME<OF ordenance<medL ordinantia<L ordinare: ORDAIN]
orient n.东方;东方诸国
[ME<OF orient, orienter<L oriens -entis rising, sunrise, east,<oriri rise originality独创力,创作力;创意, 新花样
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